Page 3 California Auto Outlook Vehicle Powertrain Dashboard Make and Model Registrations for Hybrids, ZEVs, and PHEVs in California ZEVs are full battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell vehicles. PHEVs are plug in hybrids. Data sourced from Experian Automotive. Top 25 Selling Hybrid, ZEV, and PHEV Models - 2025 Rank Model Type Regs. 1 Tesla Model Y ZEV 110,120 2 Toyota Camry Hybrid 62,294 3 Tesla Model 3 ZEV 53,989 4 Honda CR-V Hybrid 34,955 5 Toyota RAV4 Hybrid 30,927 6 Honda Civic Hybrid 20,984 7 Hyundai Ioniq 5 ZEV 18,919 8 Honda Accord Hybrid 18,507 9 Toyota Corolla Hybrid 14,602 10 Honda Prologue ZEV 14,308 11 Toyota Sienna Hybrid 14,062 12 Ford Mustang Mach-E ZEV 12,620 13 Chevrolet Equinox ZEV 11,754 14 Ford Maverick Hybrid 11,055 15 Toyota Prius Hybrid 10,967 16 Toyota Grand Highlander Hybrid 10,374 17 Rivian R1S ZEV 8,658 18 Hyundai Tucson Hybrid 8,496 19 Lexus NX Hybrid 8,366 20 BMW i4 ZEV 8,274 21 Hyundai Santa Fe Hybrid 8,184 22 Lexus RX Hybrid 7,786 23 Lexus ES Hybrid 7,347 24 Tesla Cybertruck ZEV 7,312 25 Mazda CX-50 Hybrid 6,742 California New Zero Emission Vehicle Registrations by Make 2024 and 2025 Annual Totals Registrations Market Share (%) 2024 2025 % Change 2024 2025 Change TOTAL 385,513 378,216 -1.9 Acura 1,102 4,488 307.3 0.3 1.2 0.9 Audi 10,071 12,484 24.0 2.6 3.3 0.7 BMW 18,430 17,520 -4.9 4.8 4.6 -0.2 Cadillac 5,062 7,906 56.2 1.3 2.1 0.8 Chevrolet 13,840 18,837 36.1 3.6 5.0 1.4 Dodge 0 833 -- 0.0 0.2 0.2 Ford 17,184 19,245 12.0 4.5 5.1 0.6 Genesis 1,744 1,510 -13.4 0.5 0.4 -0.1 GMC 2,579 3,687 43.0 0.7 1.0 0.3 Honda 6,985 14,470 107.2 1.8 3.8 2.0 Hyundai 22,684 25,123 10.8 5.9 6.6 0.7 Jeep 0 1,213 -- 0.0 0.3 0.3 Kia 13,890 10,117 -27.2 3.6 2.7 -0.9 Lexus 4,077 2,409 -40.9 1.1 0.6 -0.5 Lucid 2,464 3,910 58.7 0.6 1.0 0.4 Mazda 8 2 -75.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mercedes-Benz 17,220 10,946 -36.4 4.5 2.9 -1.6 MINI 870 597 -31.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 Nissan 5,851 5,956 1.8 1.5 1.6 0.1 Other 7,327 2,239 -69.4 1.9 0.6 -1.3 Polestar 1,957 1,139 -41.8 0.5 0.3 -0.2 Porsche 2,244 4,456 98.6 0.6 1.2 0.6 Ram 4 35 775.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rivian 12,031 11,133 -7.5 3.1 2.9 -0.2 Subaru 2,625 3,180 21.1 0.7 0.8 0.1 Tesla 202,865 179,656 -11.4 52.6 47.5 -5.1 Toyota 5,948 4,648 -21.9 1.5 1.2 -0.3 Volkswagen 5,435 7,782 43.2 1.4 2.1 0.7 Volvo 1,016 2,695 165.3 0.3 0.7 0.4 0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000 400000 450000 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 Hybrid ZEV PHEV New vehicle registrations Franchised Direct Alternative Powertrain Sales by Type of Selling Dealership - 2024 and 2025 ❏ The graph on the left shows new vehicle registrations for Hybrids, ZEVs, and PHEVs broken down by type of selling dealership. Franchised dealerships accounted for more than 75 percent of combined sales for all three alternative powertrain types. ❏ Franchised dealership share of the ZEV only market increased to 48.4 percent in 2025, up from 42.6 percent a year earlier. ❏ Hybrid registrations exceeded 350,000 units last year, all of these vehicles were sold by franchised dealerships. Data sourced from Experian Automotive. 26 California New Car Dealer Quarterly
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