2025-2026 Pub. 4 Issue 1

ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY | 2024 Dealerships are making large scale investments to prepare for the sale and service of electric vehicles: Page 7 1.0% 1.1% 1.3% 2.3% 4.4% 6.8% 7.2% 8.3% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 YTD 2025 thruMay ealerships are making large scale investments to prepare for the sale and service of electric vehicles: Total estimated dealership expenses during 2023 and 2024 to prepare for the sale and service of electric vehicles: Estimated average number of electric vehicle chargers installed at new vehicle dealerships by the end of 2025: 4.2 $174,762,000 attery electric vehicle (BEV) sales in Georgia continue to move higher. ranchised dealerships are accounting for a significantly larger share of the BEV market: EV Share of Georgia New Retail Light Vehicle Market Franchised Dealership Share of State BEV Market in 2018: 20.4 Franchised Dealership Share of State BEV Market, YTD ‘25 (May): 52.0 ata sourced from Experian Automotive. Battery electric vehicles accounted for 8.3% of industry new vehicle registrations in the first five months of 2025, up from 2024. Estimated EV-related expenses in 2023 and 2024 by category: Category Average Per Dealer Auto Retailing Industry Total Chargers $140,600 $71,846,600 Charging infrastructure $98,300 $50,231,300 Special equipment $47,500 $24,272,500 Building modifications $30,700 $15,687,700 Sales training $13,400 $6,847,400 Service training $11,500 $5,876,500 TOTAL $342,000 $174,762,000 Estimated average number of electric vehicle chargers installed at new vehicle dealerships by the end of 2025: Total estimated dealership expenses during 2023 and 2024 to prepare for the sale and service of electric vehicles: 4.2 $174,762,000 ELECTRIC VEHICLES

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