DIRECTORS DIGEST ISSUE 1 2026 PUB. 5 Montana Funeral Directors Association Compassionately Serving the Community Since 1901
Better Together MEMBERS. MOMENTUM. MONTANA. PRENEED. PROGRESS. PRIZES. PARTNERSHIP. MFDA members are driving real progress—helping families plan with confidence while strengthening our association across Montana. 4,528 agreements transitioned on Oct. 1, 2025 Existing funds increased to a 2.99% guaranteed rate for 5 years 2.99% guaranteed rate for 5 years on new agreements +1% supporting MFDA Total impact: 3.99% New agreements added Oct. 1–Dec. 31: 153 agreements Thank you for being an MFDA member and for participating in the Montana Funeral Trust. For assistance, contact your Montana Funeral Trust Partner Representative. Call or text 701-527-7322 or email katherine@usalliancelife.com Katherine Kosloski US Alliance Life and Security Company-Montana
2025-2026 MFDA BOARD MEMBERS BRI MULVANEY, President Axelson Funeral Home and Cremation, Butte Longfellow Finnigan Riddle Funeral Home, Anaconda bri@axelsonfuneralhome.com RICK WALTER, Vice President Longfellow Finnigan Riddle Funeral Home, Anaconda rick@anacondafuneralhome.com (406) 563-3371 JIM ASPER, Treasurer Asper Funeral Homes, Shelby, Custer, Cut Bank, Conrad jim@asperfh.com (406) 434-2172 CHRIS HOLT, Secretary, NFDA State Association Representative Anderson Stevenson Wilke Retz Funeral Home, Helena chris@aswfuneralhome.com KASSITY SORLIE, Southcentral District Governor Smith Funeral Chapels, Billings kassity@smithfuneralchapels.com FRED NELSON, Western District Governor The Lake Funeral Home, Polson flatheadpolson@centurytel.net JESSIE SATHER, Southwestern District Governor jesswldwmn@yahoo.com BROOKE GIEKE, Eastern District Governor Stevenson and Sons Funeral Home, Miles City brooke@stevensonandsons.com AUSTIN ASPER, Northcentral District Governor Asper Funeral Homes austinasper@gmail.com KATIE BACA, Future Development Leaders Director Just Cremation Montana, Missoula katie@missoulafuneralhomes.com STEVE KIRKEGARD, Immediate Past President Bullis Funeral Home and Cremation, Hardin skirkegard@yahoo.com TERRI JAMES, Executive Director info@montanafda.org ©2026 The Montana Funeral Directors Association (MFDA) | MBR Connect DBA The newsLINK Group LLC. All rights reserved. Directors Digest is published four times per year by The newsLINK Group LLC for MFDA and is the official publication for this association. The information contained in this publication is intended to provide general information for review, consideration and education. The contents do not constitute legal advice and should not be relied on as such. If you need legal advice or assistance, it is strongly recommended that you contact an attorney as to your circumstances. The statements and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of MFDA, its board of directors or the publisher. Likewise, the appearance of advertisements within this publication does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation of any product or service advertised. Directors Digest is a collective work, and as such, some articles are submitted by authors who are independent of MFDA. While a first-print policy is encouraged, in cases where this is not possible, every effort has been made to comply with any known reprint guidelines or restrictions. Content may not be reproduced or reprinted without prior written permission. For further information, please contact the publisher at (855) 747-4003. PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE 4 A Rewarding Investment By Bri Mulvaney, President, MFDA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S REPORT 6 On the Horizon By Terri James, Executive Director, MFDA 8 Called to Serve, Trusted to Care Steve and Denise Schnackenberg Retire 10 2026 MFDA Convention and Trade Show June 14-16, 2026 11 2026 Upcoming Events 12 Internships and Registered Apprenticeships in Montana Funeral Service How They Differ and Why It Matters By Rick Walter, Vice President, MFDA 14 Know When to Step Up By John T. Hill, CFSP, Embalmer, Hill Mortuary Service and Seminars 16 Caring Communities Guidance for Supporting Survivors of Suicide Loss By Tracy Rassley, Programs Manager, Montana Chapter, American Foundation for Suicide Prevention 18 Why Language Matters More Than Ever 19 A Brief Guide to Military Funeral Honors 20 Henrietta S. Bowers Duterte America’s First Female Undertaker 22 Is It Really the IRS? Common Tax Scams and How To Avoid Them By Rose James, Attorney, Morrison Law Firm PLLC 23 2026 MFDA Members TABLE OF CONTENTS 12 16 https://montanafda.org DIRECTORS DIGEST | 3
About five years ago, I received a phone call that would shape the direction of my professional life. It was from Irene Dahl, previous owner and operator of Dahl Funeral Home in Bozeman and the first female president of the Montana Funeral Director Association (2001), asking if I would consider serving as the southwest district governor for the MFDA. My first question was the same one you might ask: How much time will this take? Irene’s answer was simple: very little. It was a minimal commitment, she said — and her time as a district governor and serving on the executive board had been one of the most enjoyable seasons of her career, especially because of the friendships she made. At that point in my life, I understood the theoretical value of investing time in associations and the professional growth and connections I could develop. What I did not fully grasp was the intrinsic value the commitment would provide — the depth and layers of personal growth that being part of this association would bring to me, my business and even my family. When you become involved — when you attend, participate and especially when you choose to run the chairs — you invest not only in the association, but in yourself and in the future of your career. Investing in Yourself Serving within MFDA sharpens your perspective. It broadens your understanding of legislation, ethics and the direction of funeral service in Montana. It connects you to mentors and peers who will challenge you, support you and stand beside you throughout your career — and maybe beyond. Investing in Your Profession Our profession evolves. It faces regulatory change, cultural shifts and economic realities. The strength of funeral service in Montana depends on leaders who are willing to step forward. Running the chairs is not about holding a title; it is about stewardship. It is about ensuring that the standards and values we uphold today continue for future generations. Investing in the Future of Your Career Early involvement accelerates growth. The relationships you build, the confidence you gain and the understanding you develop cannot be replicated by standing on the sidelines. The professional knowledge, friendships and shared experiences shape not only your résumé but also your character and leadership. The growth that happens around the boardroom table carries back into your funeral home and your community. To the young professionals in our industry, I challenge you to get involved by running the chairs on the executive board. The profession you serve deserves your voice, and your career deserves your investment. Every one of us balances family, business responsibilities, community commitments and personal priorities. There will never be a perfect time but now. Looking back, what I once questioned as a “time commitment” now feels like one of the most rewarding investments of my life. The sacrifices were small in hindsight. The return — in knowledge, perspective, friendships and purpose — has been immeasurable. I am wholly better for participating in this association. With gratitude and encouragement, Bri Mulvaney MFDA President PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE A Rewarding Investment By Bri Mulvaney, President, MFDA “It’s not that you don’t have the time; it’s about what you choose to make time for.” — Bob Branson The strength of funeral service in Montana depends on leaders who are willing to step forward. 4 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
When your marketing is generating quality leads, your sales team is delivering happy customers, and your product is safe and secure, preneed becomes one less thing you need to worry about. Our mission is to make sure your entire preneed program is operating to its fullest potential. Grow Your Market Share With Total Confidence 2X your preneed with Precoa’s end-to-end marketing & sales program How to Grow with Precoa VISIT PRECOA.COM TO GET A FREE MARKET ANALYSIS ASK FOR A FREE MARKET ANALYSIS 1 GET A PROACTIVE MARKETING PLAN 2 2X YOUR PRENEED 3 SERVE MORE AT-NEED FAMIIES 4 27 MIN AVG COMMUTE COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS Organizations ORGANIZATIONS 521 521 ORGANIZATIONS 521 ORGANIZATIONS 521 ORGANIZATIONS 521 ORGANIZATIONS 521 ORGANIZATIONS 521 COMMUTE TIME 0 5% 25% 20% 15% 10% OCCUPATIONS 0 5% 25% 20% 15% 10% Office Man Farm Labor Mach Office Office Office Office Office Office OFFICE ADMIN SUPPORT MAN. EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL FARM FARMING, FORESTRY, & FISHING LABOR HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS, & LABORERS MACH MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, & INSPECTORS PROD PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, & REPAIR SPEC SPECIALTY SALES SALES SERV SERVICE TECHN TECHNICIANS & RELATED SUPPORT TRANSP TRANSPORTATION & MATERIAL MOVING RENT VS OWN 60% OWN 40% RENT AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME $56,732 MEDIAN INCOME 0 5% 25% < $10k $10 - $15k $15 - $25k $25 - $35k $25 - $35k <4 MIN 5–14 MIN 15–29 MIN 30–44 MIN 45+ MIN $25 - $35k $25 - $35k $25 - $35k $25 - $35k $25 - $35k 20% 15% 10% MARKET SHARE BY ZIP CODE 66047 66049 66046 66044 66025 97352 97489 ZIP City FH Cases Estimated Market Share Lawrence 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Lawrence 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Lawrence 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Eudora 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Baldwin City 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Linwood 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Tonganoxie 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Perry 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Lecompton 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Tecumseh 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Berryton 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% De Soto 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% Lawrence 52 100% 1,450 Other Lead Sources 4.0% 97045 97553 97266 97045 97352 97489 Mailable Households Estimated Return Rate Lead Source Distribution DEMOGRAPHICS DETAILS 66047 66049 ZIP City Population 55+ Population Lawrence 17,777 2,673 29 101 15,133 567 $52,211 $481,039 595 Lawrence 23,955 3,135 32 137 20,348 787 $63,283 $578,244 1,024 Median Age Estimated Deaths Caucasian African American Hispanic Median Income Avg. Net Worth DEMOGRAPHIC BREAKDOWN Caucasion 83% African American 3% Hispanic 6% 8% Other OVER 55 14% 66046 Lawrence 16,851 2,346 28 96 12,949 849 815 $43,989 $313,113 66044 Lawrence 25,282 2,933 26 144 20,710 1,290 1,144 $32,293 $282,304 66025 Eudora 6,120 1,047 32 35 5,687 38 166 54,646 $394,608 66006 Baldwin 6,591 1,235 35 38 6,186 56 112 $63,324 $539,210 66052 Linwood 1,931 369 4 0 15 1,792 5 66 $60,999 $507,257 DEMOGRAPHICS DETAILS 66047 66049 ZIP City Population 55+ Population Lawrence 17,777 2,673 29 101 15,133 567 $52,211 $481,039 595 Lawrence 23,955 3,135 32 137 20,348 787 $63,283 $578,244 1,024 Median Age Estimated Deaths Caucasian African American Hispanic Median Income Avg. Net Worth DEMOGRAPHIC BREAKDOWN Caucasion 83% African American 3% Hispanic 6% 8% Other OVER 55 14% 66046 Lawrence 16,851 2,346 28 96 12,949 849 815 $43,989 $313,113 66044 Lawrence 25,282 2,933 26 144 20,710 1,290 1,144 $32,293 $282,304 66025 Eudora 6,120 1,047 32 35 5,687 38 166 54,646 $394,608 66006 Baldwin 6,591 1,235 35 38 6,186 56 112 $63,324 $539,210 66052 Linwood 1,931 369 4 0 15 1,792 5 66 $60,999 $507,257
Welcome to the winter edition of Directors Digest, the first issue of the year, as we celebrate the Montana Funeral Directors Association’s 125th anniversary. I am still eagerly anticipating winter here in Southwest Montana, but instead, it feels as though spring fever is kicking in much too early. The past couple of months have been busy at MFDA. In January, I attended the Council of Funeral Association Executives meeting, which featured 12 hours of education and networking opportunities. This meeting is essential for leaders within the associations, as it allows states to share what works for their success and what does not. Chris Farmer, NFDA legal counsel, reported on shifts within the FTC and his expectation that the Funeral Rule will remain on hold for now, pending the replacement of the commissioner. He also updated the group on pending lawsuits in Florida and Illinois regarding privacy laws and fingerprints. The lawsuits filed in those states allege that they never authorized funeral homes to take the decedents’ fingerprints. Lawsuits also name the vendor who offered to sell memorial jewelry. Rulings are being considered in both federal and state courts at this time. If you hear of any such cases in our state, please reach out to me at info@montanafda.org or Chris at cfarmer@nfda.org. Membership renewals were issued in December and were due Jan. 31. I would like to express my gratitude to all of our members for their continued support. If you have not yet completed your renewal, please do so at your earliest convenience. The membership directory for the 2026-2027 cycle is currently being prepared for publication this spring. I encourage you to visit the MFDA website to discover new associate members and to support those who contribute to the association’s success. The MFDA held its first board meeting of 2026, and I feel truly fortunate to work with such an energetic board of directors. Preparations for the 2026 MFDA Convention and Trade Show are underway, showcasing our commitment to delivering a remarkable, impactful event. Please visit EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S REPORT On the Horizon By Terri James, Executive Director, MFDA montanafda.org/2026-convention for registration details and the convention schedule. This year’s convention will be held in historic Butte at the beautiful Copper King Inn and Convention Center, June 14-16. Bring your family for a fun, educational and celebratory experience! One of the highlights of the convention is recognizing those celebrating milestone years. This year, award recipients include: 2026 MFDA Membership Milestones 55 YEARS (1971) • Dennis Croxford 45 YEARS (1981) • Steve Schnider • Joe Stevenson 35 YEARS (1991) • William Kropp • Thomas Grymes • Carron A. Grymes • John Dahl • F. Ray Ruffatto 30 YEARS (1996) • Christopher E. Remely 10 YEARS (2016) • Kristen Robertson • Jacklyn Keto-Mason • Steven Kirkegard 5 YEARS (2021) • Marcia Princivalli • Courtney Molloy • Amy Wallace • Ross Halvorson • Austin Asper • Nicholas Andrews • Kallan Kropp • Dennis Newgard • Brooke Gierke • Lance Frati “Getting an inch of snow is like winning 10 cents in the lottery.” — Bill Watterson 6 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
Congratulations to all this year’s recipients! The award ceremony will take place on Monday, June 15, during the Gala, where we will once again pay tribute to past MFDA presidents. Mark your calendars! Also, in January, MFDA lobbyist Brad Longcake and I spoke before the legislative committee regarding HJ 27, an interim study on morticians and the funeral service industry. The study directs the committee to first evaluate ways to update Montana’s existing statutory framework for regulating the funeral industry. Second, it aims to explore the authorization of additional forms of disposition in Montana law. The association’s goal is to modernize Montana’s code, which currently allows only two forms of disposition, to reflect the changing realities of our industry. Brad and I will monitor the situation closely to ensure we are adequately prepared for the 2027 session. Bri Mulvaney, president of the MFDA, Chris Holt, MFDA policy representative, and I will be traveling to Washington, D.C., in April for the NFDA Advocacy Summit. Of particular interest are two proposed bills: the Consensual Donation and Research Integrity Act and the Funeral Coverage Act, both of which have drawn significant attention in Congress. The funeral coverage bill aims to allow remaining HSA funds to be used for final disposition. The NFDA is also monitoring several bills it supports related to veterans’ funerals and well-being. Meanwhile, your district governors are gearing up for the district meetings in May. Here’s a preview of the schedule: May District Meetings MAY 6 — GREAT FALLS Location TBD MAY 7 — BUTTE MacKenzie River Pizza Cocktails at 5:30 p.m. Dinner and meeting at 6:00 p.m. MAY 14 — MISSOULA Mustard Seed at Southgate Mall Cocktails at 5:30 p.m. Dinner and meeting at 6:00 p.m. MAY 19 — MILES CITY Black Iron Grill Cocktails at 5:00 p.m. Dinner and meeting at 6:00 p.m. MAY 20 — BILLINGS The Windmill Cocktails at 5:30 p.m. Dinner and meeting at 6:00 p.m. MFDA Executive Director Terri James and lobbyist Brad Longcake speak to the Economics Affairs Committee on HJ 27. As a reminder, these meetings offer 2 CE hours to attendees and will be held during the district governor election period. If you are interested in running for office and joining the MFDA Board of Directors, please email me to have your name added to the ballot. Make the most of your winter days, and as always, I truly appreciate everything you do for our families. Terri James MFDA Executive Director DIRECTORS DIGEST | 7
Called to Serve, Trusted to Care Steve and Denise Schnackenberg Retire Some people find their life’s purpose early. Others discover it quietly, over time, through service, faith and a deep love for people. For Steve and Denise Schnackenberg, funeral service wasn’t something they set out to do — it was something that slowly, unmistakably, found them. As they step into retirement after more than 30 years in the funeral profession, they leave behind not only a respected business but something far more enduring: a legacy of compassion, presence and genuine care that has shaped families and communities for generations. “We Were Just Part of the Community” Steve and Denise met while attending Nebraska Christian College, where Steve graduated in 1981. Like many young couples, they began their married life full of purpose and possibility, answering a call to ministry in Litchfield, Nebraska. “It was a little town,” Denise said with a smile. “Two hundred and thirty people — and we did a little bit of everything.” Steve preached on Sundays, but his role went far beyond the pulpit. He visited people in hospitals, showed up when families were struggling and offered comfort no matter where someone worshipped — or if they didn’t at all. “If somebody was in the hospital, it didn’t matter what church they attended,” Steve said. “We went.” Serving the community in that small-town ministry shaped everything that came next. When people passed away, families wanted Steve there — not just as a pastor, but as someone who knew them. It was during those years that Steve and Denise spent time with local funeral directors, learning firsthand what it meant to walk families through loss. “Little did we know that that was going to be our next career,” Denise said. Finding the Work That Fit Their Hearts After six years in the ministry, the Schnackenbergs returned to Libby, Montana, Steve’s hometown. Steve went to work at the Asarco mine, but when it shut down, the family was given an opportunity for retraining. “We packed our bags and moved to Kansas City,” Steve recalled. “I went to mortuary school, and when I graduated in May of 1994, we came right back home.” Thirty-one years later — last Memorial Day — he and Denise are retiring. “It doesn’t feel like it’s been that long,” Denise said. “And at the same time, it feels like a lifetime.” More Than a Profession In 2008, Steve and Denise purchased Schnackenberg Funeral Home, becoming equal partners — both in ownership and in purpose. Steve was the sole funeral director for more than a decade, handling everything from arrangements to removals, while Denise kept the business running behind the scenes. “I did the books,” Denise said, “and whatever else he needed. I worked services and did removals when needed, but mostly, I was there with families. I was the one who hugged them. I cried with them.” Steve was often on the road, traveling to their satellite location in Eureka, 65 miles away. “There were weeks we didn’t even see each other in the office,” he said. “I was meeting with families all over North Lincoln County.” At their busiest, they handled 230 to 300 cases a year, all while Steve also served as Lincoln County coroner for 30 years. “It was tiring,” Denise admitted. “He did it all for a long time.” And yet, neither of them spoke of the work with any negativity — only gratitude. “I Got Paid to Listen to Stories” When asked about his favorite part of the funeral service, Steve didn’t hesitate. “Getting to sit down with families and listen to them tell stories.” He continued, “People live fascinating lives, and while listening to the families, grief often softened into memory, families relaxed and laughter mixed with tears.” “We had people come through our funeral home who were incredible,” Steve said. “One man had a sixth-grade 8 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
education and became a nuclear physicist at Los Alamos. And, Shirley Temple’s seamstress came through our funeral home. I got paid to sit and listen to those stories,” he said. “It doesn’t get any better than that.” Education That Deepened Compassion Steve’s ability to connect with families wasn’t accidental. In addition to his mortuary degree, he earned a master’s degree in counseling, a decision that profoundly shaped his approach. “That counseling degree really paid off,” Denise said. “He’s really good with families.” Steve never tried to rush grief or “fix” it. He listened. He gave people space. He understood that a funeral service is as much an emotional experience as it is a practical one. “In this work,” Denise said, “you really want to meet people’s needs — not just go through the motions.” And they never did. A Family Legacy, Continued Steve and Denise raised three sons while building the funeral home. Today, that legacy continues through James, who is purchasing the business alongside Craig Riddle, whom Denise described as “like a son to us.” “They’ll change little things to make it work for them,” Denise said. “But the way families are cared for — that won’t change.” Steve agreed, “They’re doing it just like we taught them.” In June, Steve stepped back from day-to-day operations, allowing the next generation to take the lead while he remained available for support. “It gave them time to get comfortable,” Denise said. “And they’ve done great. The families love them.” A Retirement Filled With Love Their retirement celebration — planned in secret by their children — caught Steve and Denise completely off guard. “We weren’t dressed for a party,” Denise laughed. “We’d been working out at our house in the meadow all day.” Their youngest son finally convinced them to come to town for dinner. When they walked in, they were met with family, staff, stories and speeches from all three boys. “We were not prepared for that,” Steve said quietly. “There were tears,” Denise added. “The staff even had a wager going about when I’d cry.” Stepping Gently Into What’s Next Retirement doesn’t mean stopping — it just means slowing down. The Schnackenbergs are finishing a house in the meadow, helping James build a home, spending time with their four, soon to be five, grandchildren and continuing to serve in quieter ways. Denise has stayed on to help with the books. Steve will fill in when needed. “He’s going to be retired for about five days,” Denise joked, “and then he’ll be back helping.” A Legacy That Lives On Steve and Denise Schnackenberg will be remembered not just for the number of families they served, but for how they served them — with humility, patience and hearts wide open. They showed that funeral service isn’t about death — it’s about honoring life, holding space for grief and reminding people they are not alone. As they enter this next chapter, the community they’ve served so faithfully carries their example forward. Some legacies aren’t written in stone. They’re created through the kindness of people. DIRECTORS DIGEST | 9
2026 Upcoming Events MFDA Spring Board Meeting APRIL 9 Virtual (Zoom) NFDA Advocacy Summit APRIL 15-17 Washington, D.C. District Meetings & Elections If you are interested in running for office, please email Terri at info@montanafda.org. MAY 6 — GREAT FALLS Location TBD MAY 7 — BUTTE MacKenzie River Pizza MAY 14 — MISSOULA Mustard Seed at Southgate Mall MAY 19 — MILES CITY Black Iron Grill MAY 20 — BILLINGS The Windmill MFDA Convention and Trade Show JUNE 14-16 Copper King Hotel & Convention Center, Butte Don’t miss our 125th anniversary celebration! Visit montanafda.org for the complete convention schedule. MFDA Board Meeting JUNE 14 Copper King Hotel & Convention Center, Butte 9-11 a.m. NFDA Leadership Conference AUGUST 2-5 Louisville, KY NFDA International Convention & Expo OCTOBER 25-28 Charlotte, NC DIRECTORS DIGEST | 11
Internships and Registered Apprenticeships in Montana Funeral Service How They Differ and Why It Matters By Rick Walter, Vice President, MFDA In recent years, discussions in funeral service about the workforce have increasingly used the terms “internship” and “apprenticeship” interchangeably. In Montana, however, these terms are not interchangeable, particularly in the licensed and highly regulated profession of funeral service and mortuary science. Understanding the distinction is critical for compliance, workforce planning and public protection. Montana law has long recognized apprenticeship as an essential component of licensure, while internships have never been authorized as a licensing pathway. Funeral Service Is a Licensed Profession Funeral service in Montana is governed by Title 37, Montana Code Annotated, and administrative rules adopted by the Montana Board of Funeral Service under Title 24, Administrative Rules of Montana. These laws exist to protect the public by ensuring that individuals who care for human remains and serve grieving families are professionally trained, supervised and accountable. Because of this regulatory structure, training models commonly used in other industries must be carefully evaluated before being applied to funeral service. Internships: Limited Educational Exposure An internship in the funeral service context is not defined or recognized in Montana statute or Board rule as a pathway to licensure. Internships may take the form of short-term, educational or observational experiences, often tied to career exploration or academic programs. Key characteristics of internships include: • Informal or short-term structure • Limited, closely supervised participation • No standardized training requirements • No recognized role in meeting licensure requirements Interns are not licensed, and internships do not authorize individuals to independently perform regulated funeral services or embalming duties. When internships are used beyond limited exposure or observation, they risk crossing into unlicensed practice and creating compliance concerns for funeral establishments. Apprenticeship: A Core Licensing Requirement By contrast, apprenticeship has always been a required element of mortician licensure in Montana. Historically, statutes required individuals to: • Graduate from an accredited mortuary science program, and • Complete a defined apprenticeship after graduation under the supervision of a licensed professional before qualifying for licensure. This structure reflected the profession’s long-standing understanding that competency in funeral service cannot be achieved solely through classroom education. In 2023, Montana modernized this framework by allowing the required apprenticeship to be completed concurrently with enrollment in an accredited mortuary science program. Importantly, the apprenticeship requirement itself was not eliminated. It remains mandatory; only the timing was adjusted to improve workforce access and pipeline development. Registered Apprenticeships: A Structured, Regulated Model A registered apprenticeship aligns closely with Montana’s statutory intent for funeral service training. Registered apprenticeships are formal workforce training programs overseen 12 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
by the Montana Department of Labor and Industry and structured to meet defined standards. Registered apprenticeships: • Are formal employment relationships • Require documented supervision by licensed professionals • Include structured, on-the-job training and skill development • Maintain accountability through training records and progression standards • Support compliance with licensure requirements and board oversight Apprentices do not practice independently. All regulated activities must be performed under appropriate supervision, consistent with Montana law and board rules. Why the Difference Matters Internships and registered apprenticeships serve different purposes. Internships offer exposure, while apprenticeships develop competence. In a licensed profession grounded in public trust, this distinction is essential. Improper use of internships to perform regulated duties risks: • Unlicensed practice • Regulatory violations • Erosion of professional standards • Exposure for funeral establishments Registered apprenticeships, by contrast, reflect Montana’s historical and statutory approach to protecting the public while developing the next generation of funeral service professionals. Conclusion In funeral service and mortuary science in the state of Montana, internships and registered apprenticeships are not interchangeable. Internships may support career exploration, but they are not licensure pathways. Apprenticeships — historically and today — are a required, regulated and essential component of professional competency. As the profession adapts to workforce challenges and evolving education models, maintaining clarity around these distinctions protects licensees, supports compliance and preserves the trust placed in funeral service professionals by Montana families. ESTABLISHED 1931 CALL US TODAY! (406) 452-8129 MontanaGranite.com Four Generations of Serving Montana "Our goal has always been to produce the nest granite memorials possible." — Daren Rummel, Owner, Montana Granite Industries, Inc. DIRECTORS DIGEST | 13
Know When to Step Up By John T. Hill, CFSP, Embalmer, Hill Mortuary Service and Seminars John T. Hill will be a speaker at the 2026 MFDA Convention and Trade Show. For more than five years, Wally Hooker wrote a column for the Funeral Home and Cemetery News to teach, challenge and inspire us to step up and be better embalmers. When Wally announced that it was time to “know when to say when,” he asked me to continue writing the column. I felt humbled and honored, yet I also felt intimidated, nervous and full of doubt. How could I offer the same depth of knowledge and passion that Wally consistently brought? I knew I could never be Wally Hooker. But someone needed to step up. And when the opportunity was placed before me, I realized it wasn’t an accident. Embalming education is still essential and should be at the forefront of our profession. It remains a defining aspect of our profession and one that separates funeral service from all other forms of death care. So here we are. Think back to your own early days in funeral service: your first case, your first moment in the prep room alone, your first time wondering, “Do I have what it takes to be a good embalmer?” We all start as beginners and infants, nervous and unsure, trying to deliver excellence even while learning to walk in our calling. But at some point, each of us must stand on our own two feet and do the work we’ve been prepared to do. Growth in this profession should never stop. We should always be refining our techniques, improving our outcomes and striving to be better than we were yesterday. How many times have you attended a continuing education course, read one of Wally’s articles or learned a new technique, only to have a case arrive shortly afterward that required exactly what you just studied? That isn’t a coincidence. That’s the moment to step up! Why Must We Step Up? First, the funeral home is counting on us. Employers and colleagues trust us to handle every case with excellence, dignity and professionalism. Second, families are counting on us. They trust us with their dead and expect a peaceful last goodbye. Yet many are hesitant about viewing because of past viewing experiences. Our work can restore peace where fear exists. We can give families the gift of seeing their dead in a better way than at the moment of death. Lastly, the future of funeral service is counting on us. The embalmers who have shaped this profession for decades will not always be here. Who will rise to take their place? It must be us. It must be now. I will never forget beginning my apprenticeship under my mentor, Rodney Bright of Clements Funeral Service in Durham, North Carolina. He was the definition of an “old-school” embalmer: skilled, meticulous and deeply respected by the families he served. Even years later, people would approach him during visitations to thank him again for how beautifully he had cared for their loved ones. 14 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
Rodney began teaching me when he was 81. Though sharp and quick-witted, he often joked that he had forgotten more about embalming than I would ever know. The techniques he shared and the stories he passed down lit a fire within me to strive for excellence, to never settle for “good enough” and to give every family my absolute best because they deserve nothing less while going through the worst. One day, he told me he was grateful I was there because he was tired and knew he wouldn’t always be able to continue. His words made the responsibility clear: It was time to step up! We still need embalmers willing to do that today. My hope in continuing to write this column is not only to offer professional material and practical methods, but also motivation and meaning in what we do. Because it still matters to serve families. It still matters that the “guest of honor” is present. It still matters to prepare the deceased with care. It still matters to embalm. This article has been edited for length and clarity. It was previously published in the January 2026 issue of Funeral Home and Cemetery News and is being shared with permission. John T. Hill is a licensed undertaker in seven states, based in North Carolina. He serves as the clinical coordinator and instructor for Pierce Mortuary Colleges, which include Gupton-Jones College of Funeral Service, Dallas Institute of Funeral Service and Mid-America College of Funeral Service. In addition to his academic role, John works at James Funeral Home and Northlake Memorial Gardens in Huntersville, just outside Charlotte. He is also the owner of Hill Mortuary Service and Seminars, specializing in trade embalming, restorative arts and continuing education for funeral service professionals all over the United States, including a frequent and requested speaker for many association conventions such as the NFDA. In 2024, he founded and initiated the RESTORE Program, designed to enhance mortuary science education with a focus on high standards of quality care in embalming, restorative arts and body presentation. Your Local, Family-Run Supplier of Caskets, Urns & Vaults At Medallion Vault & Casket, we’re a second generation family-run funeral supplier providing personal, friendly and professional service to our funeral home clients. Get in touch to learn more about how we can serve you! (406) 652-6605 • medallionvc@outlook.com www.medallioncasket.com DIRECTORS DIGEST | 15
Caring Communities Guidance for Supporting Survivors of Suicide Loss By Tracy Rassley, Programs Manager, Montana Chapter, American Foundation for Suicide Prevention “I am so sorry …” What comes next can make or break a conversation, a friendship or even a working relationship. Knowing what to say to someone who is grieving the loss of a loved one, especially a loss by suicide, can be incredibly difficult. If you haven’t experienced a similar loss, it’s easy to unintentionally say something hurtful. After any death, survivors experience grief and process loss in their own ways. Grieving and healing are lifelong endeavors. The way people around us respond to that grief can either be reassuring or deeply distressing. The grieving process may involve intense emotional pain and profound distress, sometimes accompanied by complex and conflicting emotions like guilt, sadness, shock, anger, relief, shame, depression, anxiety and even suicidal thoughts. Depending on the circumstances of the death, survivors may also feel isolated, judged or blamed. They may struggle to maintain contact with friends and family and can experience waves of sadness and grief. When their support network is unsure of what to do or say, survivors may feel even more isolated and abandoned. When you start by saying, “I am so sorry,” resist the urge to follow it with suggestions about how they should grieve or what they should feel. Beyond simple reminders to take care of themselves, rest, eat well and stay hydrated, avoid giving advice. Everyone processes a loss differently, and there is no “correct” way to grieve. When discussing a death by suicide or overdose, it’s important to avoid value‑laden language. Comments framing the death as selfish, sinful, weak or unloving can be deeply hurtful. They can also discourage others from seeking support and reduce a complex health issue to something far too simple. Avoid asking a survivor how their loved one died. If they don’t bring it up, it’s safe to assume they don’t want to talk about it. Even if they mention the cause of death, don’t ask for additional details. If they do want to explore those details, especially if the loss is traumatic, gently encourage them to do so with a mental health professional who can provide the right support. Connecting with someone who has experienced a similar loss can also be helpful. Try not to project your feelings onto the person who is grieving. Saying things like, “You must be so angry,” can make them feel misunderstood or pressured to feel an emotion they may not be feeling. Avoid suggesting that their healing should follow a timeline; grief has no schedule, and for many, healing is a lifelong journey. Familiar phrases meant to comfort, such as “This too shall pass” or “You need to move on,” can unintentionally make survivors feel rushed or judged. Try to avoid saying hurtful or minimizing clichés like “This was God’s plan” or “Everything happens for a reason.” In moments of grief, silence paired with compassion is better than filling the space with words that may unintentionally wound. You can always say, “I don’t know what to say, but I’m here for you.” That alone can mean a great deal. It’s normal to feel unsure about what to do or say when someone is grieving, but don’t let that uncertainty prevent you from showing up. What matters most is your caring and sincerity. Stay focused on the survivor’s needs, follow their cues, and offer your presence without forcing conversation or emotion. Let them know you’re available and let them choose how and when to reach out for support. Many people don’t know how to start a conversation with someone who is grieving, so they avoid it completely, but silence and distance can feel incredibly painful. Offering a safe, caring space where a loss survivor can share their feelings can mean more than you realize. Sometimes the most 16 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
comforting thing you can do is simply sit with them and be a steady, compassionate presence. Say their loved one’s name, gently ask whether they want to talk and reassure them that you’re there. You might also suggest something familiar that you can do together, like going for a walk, when they feel up to it. Often, the hardest period for survivors is months after the death, when the shock wears off, and the weight of the loss sets in. This typically occurs just as the initial support from others begins to fade, which is why long‑term support is so important. Keep checking in, sharing memories and photos, and reaching out on meaningful dates like birthdays, anniversaries and the date of the loss. Eleven years ago, I learned just how important compassionate words and actions truly are. I learned it not only from friends and family, but also, very starkly, from the two funeral homes we dealt with after our son died by suicide at 19 years old. Dickens’ line, “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times,” has never felt more fitting than when I think back on those contrasting experiences. The first funeral home left us with some of the most painful memories of those early hours. They seemed shocked that we wanted to see our son, which made me think things were far worse than they actually were. Once they realized we were from another town and might not use their services, any kindness they may have had evaporated. Within 12 hours, they had thrown away our son’s sneakers, which we had hoped to keep, and casually told the person who reached out that they were gone. But then, thankfully, we also experienced the best of times in those darkest of hours. The second funeral home treated us with such care. They drove an hour to pick up our son so we could follow him home, sparing us from more confusion and distress. They were gentle, compassionate and always mindful of how fragile we were. They assured us that we absolutely could have a viewing with our son, something the first funeral home had made us believe was impossible. I share this in hopes that, whether you are an acquaintance, a friend or a funeral home, you will choose to be someone’s “best of times” when they are facing the very worst days of their lives. DIRECTORS DIGEST | 17
Why Language Matters More Than Ever Every family you serve brings a unique set of expectations, emotions and values to the funeral planning process. They might be grieving, confused or overwhelmed and in these moments, the words you use carry extraordinary power. Language can comfort or confuse. It can open up a conversation or shut it down. It can honor a life or unintentionally diminish it. In 2025, NFDA conducted a groundbreaking national survey of 1,104 consumers across four generations — Gen Z, millennials, Gen X and baby boomers — to explore how they talk and think about funerals. What the association discovered was that a consistent gap exists between how professionals define terms such as “funeral,” “memorial service” and “celebration of life” and how consumers understand, use and relate to those terms. This guide translates those insights into practical strategies, conversation starters and reflective tools you can use to better serve families. When you meet families where they are — in terms of both language and understanding — you can help them create services that are not only healing but also deeply personal. Key Findings • Generational Gaps Are Real: Baby boomers expect formality, religious elements and body presence. Gen Z is more likely to expect informality, personalization and flexibility, and they often feel confused about what’s possible. • Terminology Causes Confusion: Terms such as “funeral,” “memorial service,” “celebration of life,” “viewing” and “direct cremation” are interpreted differently by consumers versus funeral service professionals. Many families believe “memorial” and “celebration of life” are interchangeable and that a “funeral” always includes a religious ceremony. • Presence Matters, But It’s Misunderstood: While funeral directors see value in viewing and having the body or cremated remains present, consumers — especially younger ones — are less certain or feel uncomfortable. • Consumers Want Guidance, Not Jargon: Families appreciate when funeral directors slow down, use plain language and help those planning explore what’s most meaningful — not just what’s most traditional. Download the Full Report This is a brief summary of findings from NFDA’s 2025 report “When Words Matter: A Funeral Director’s Guide to Clear and Compassionate Communication.” The full report is available by scanning the QR code. https://nfda.org/about-nfda/research-and-information 1 © 2025 National Funeral Directors Association A Funeral Director's Guide to Clear and Compassionate Communication When Words Matter: Insights and practical tools from the 2025 NFDA survey “How Consumers Talk and Think About Funerals” Rethinking the future, together. Visit Batesville.com/New to learn more. ©2025 Batesville Services, LLC 18 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
A Brief Guide to Military Funeral Honors Every veteran has earned the right to have active soldiers, sailors, Marines, airmen or Coast Guardsmen present at their funeral at no cost. Families can request military funeral honors from their loved one’s branch of service or ask their funeral director to do so on their behalf. In accordance with 10 U.S.C. § 1491, military branches are required by law to provide funeral honors for their own branch. DoDI 1300.15 Military Funeral Honors Support implements this law and provides Department of Defense guidance. Service secretaries are required to provide, at a minimum, two uniformed military members to present the core elements of military funeral honors: • Playing of “Taps” • Flag folding • Presentation of the flag Veterans Service Organizations (VSOs) Members of VSOs, such as the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, play an important role in honoring our veterans. The Honor Guard may partner with VSOs to provide additional elements of military funeral honors. Veteran Burial Flags Family members and funeral directors may request a burial flag by submitting a completed Application for United States Flag for Burial Purposes (VA Form 27-2008), along with a copy of the veteran’s eligibility document, to any regional VA office or U.S. post office. Download the form at www.va.gov/forms/27-2008/. Requesting Military Funeral Honors When requesting funeral honors, be prepared to provide details about your loved one, as well as the requested date, time and location for the honors. You will be asked to send proof of military service to determine eligibility. The preferred documentation for eligibility verification is DD Form 214, but any discharge document confirming honorable service can be used. If you do not have the proper documentation, you may request service records from the National Archives at www.archives.gov/veterans/military-service-records/. To request military funeral honors, call: • Marine Corps: (406) 373-8402 | (866) 826-3628 • Navy: (406) 449-5725 | (360) 315-3275 • Air Force: (406) 731-2831 | (800) 531-5803 • Coast Guard: (571) 266-2375 | (206) 217-6676 To request Army veteran funeral honors, scan the QR code and complete the form. https://forms.osi.apps.mil/Pages/ResponsePage. aspx?id=D9fm-kuVEUiStgUw1vhMQ8v6cgN H1tpFhdEgawczTGdUM09NRjAyN1c3SE1PS E02UFAzTk1BNjY2QS4u&origin=QRCode For more information, contact the Montana Army National Guard Honor Guard at Fort William Henry Harrison by calling (406) 324-3230. Every Choice Matters – Choose Federated® DriveSAFESM Federated DriveSAFESM Telematics can help your employees improve their daily driving habits. This combination of mobile app, in-vehicle tag, and online portal allows you to measure, rank, and provide feedback on employee driving behaviors so you can help them become safer drivers. Scan to learn more about Federated DriveSAFESM Telematics and how you can help your employee drivers stay safe behind the wheel. Federated Mutual Insurance Company and its subsidiaries* federatedinsurance.com | *Not licensed in all states. 25.08 Ed. 2/26 © 2026 Federated Mutual Insurance Company The content of this publication is for general information purposes only and should not be considered legal advice or an offer of insurance. Coverage will be determined solely by the terms of your policy, if approved for issue. Consult with a qualified professional to discuss questions specific to your circumstances. Helping Your Employees Stay Safe Behind The Wheel DIRECTORS DIGEST | 19
Henrietta S. Bowers Duterte America’s First Female Undertaker This article has been edited for length and clarity. Henrietta S. Bowers Duterte (1817-1903) was a prominent businesswoman and a philanthropist known for her charity fundraising. Born into a well-established free Black family in Philadelphia, she eventually married Francis A. Duterte, an undertaker who started his own business in 1852. The Dutertes were a prominent and well-connected Philadelphia family who exemplified the values of education and hard work that the Black middle class strove to uphold. Such status also included political activism, and Francis Duterte participated in the 1855 National Colored Convention as a delegate. Although Black women during this period often learned their husbands’ trades, they rarely owned their own businesses. Yet, when Mrs. Duterte’s husband died of a sudden illness in 1859, she not only inherited the business but also successfully managed it for the next several decades. Indeed, she defied the gender norms of the undertaking profession, becoming the first woman in America to operate a mortuary. She was extremely successful in this line of work and was noted for being “prompt in her business affairs, and sympathizing and accommodating to all — rich or poor.” Henrietta Duterte used her business for more than just profit; it also enabled her to hide fugitive slaves from detection. She literally turned her trade into a vehicle for emancipation. As a member of the Underground Railroad, she often hid runaways in coffins or disguised them in funeral processions to ensure their safe passage. Additionally, she used her business profits to support the Black community through philanthropic projects. She contributed financially to the First Colored Church in Philadelphia and raised money to pay the pastor’s salary at Allen Chapel. She also fundraised on behalf of Stephen Smith’s Philadelphia Home for Aged and Infirm Colored Persons and helped to organize the 1866 Freedman’s Aid Society Fair to aid free Blacks in Tennessee. While she remained socially active throughout her life, she gradually transferred the management of her business to her nephew, Joseph Seth, who continued to operate it after her death. She died on Dec. 23, 1903, at the age of 86 and was buried in Eden Cemetery. Recently, H.S. Duterte has garnered increased attention from scholars, leading to her re-inscription into the history of Black business and abolitionism in Philadelphia. This profile from “The Fight for Black Mobility: Traveling to Mid-Century Conventions,” an exhibit of the Colored Conventions Project, is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. 20 | MONTANA FUNERAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
thenewslinkgroup.orgRkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy ODQxMjUw